Japan is a beautiful country filled with ancient temples, stunning cities, and picturesque mountains.
But it’s also known for its natural disasters like earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons, and volcanic eruptions.
If you’re planning a trip, it’s important to be prepared.
Don’t worry, though—I’ve got you covered with some practical tips to help you stay safe while enjoying all that Japan has to offer.
The Big Four: Common Natural Disasters in Japan
1. Earthquakes
Japan experiences thousands of earthquakes every year due to its location on four major tectonic plates.
- Where you’ll feel it: While earthquakes can happen anywhere in Japan, areas like Tokyo, Osaka, and the northern Tohoku region are more prone to shaking.
- What to expect: Most quakes are mild and may feel like a quick jolt, but larger ones can be quite strong.
- Tip: Make sure you know how to “Drop, Cover, and Hold On” during a quake, and familiarise yourself with evacuation routes.
2. Tsunamis
Tsunamis are massive waves triggered by undersea earthquakes and can cause flooding along coastal areas.
- High-risk areas: Coastal cities like Sendai, parts of Okinawa, and towns along the Pacific coastline.
- What happens: Tsunami waves move quickly and can flood large areas, especially low-lying towns.
- Tip: If you feel a strong earthquake near the coast, head to higher ground immediately. Tsunami evacuation routes are often clearly marked.
3. Typhoons
Typhoons, tropical storms with heavy rain and wind, are common during Japan's typhoon season (July to October).
- Where it hits: Southern areas like Okinawa and Kyushu, as well as parts of Honshu (Tokyo, Osaka).
- What to expect: Expect downpours, strong winds, and potential flooding. These storms can disrupt travel and cause landslides in mountainous regions.
- Tip: Stay indoors, stock up on essentials, and avoid rivers or coastal areas during a typhoon.
4. Volcanic Eruptions
Japan has more than 100 active volcanoes, and while eruptions are less frequent, they can still happen.
- Volcanic spots: Popular tourist areas like Mount Fuji, Mount Aso (Kyushu), and Mount Ontake (Nagano).
- What happens: Eruptions can produce ash clouds, toxic gases, and lava flows, disrupting travel and impacting air quality.
- Tip: Always check the volcanic alert level before hiking near active volcanoes.
Stay Informed: Alerts and Apps You Need
Japan has one of the best early warning systems in the world, with alerts sent directly to mobile phones. You can also download apps to stay up-to-date.
- Yurekuru Call: This app sends early warnings for earthquakes, often a few seconds before the shaking begins.
- Japan Official Travel App: Keep track of weather warnings, public transportation changes, and important notices.
- Safety Tips App: Get alerts in multiple languages about earthquakes, tsunamis, and typhoons.
Pro Tip: Make sure your phone’s GPS is on to receive location-based alerts in real time.
Be Prepared: Simple Tips for Each Disaster
Earthquake Preparedness
Earthquakes can come without warning, so it’s important to know how to respond.
- Inside: Drop to the ground, cover your head under sturdy furniture, and hold on until the shaking stops.
- Outside: Move away from buildings, streetlights, and anything that might fall.
- Tip: In hotels, keep heavy items off shelves to prevent them from falling during a quake.
Typhoon Tips
With a few days' notice, typhoons are easier to prepare for than earthquakes.
- Stay indoors during heavy winds and rain.
- Stock up on water, food, and a flashlight in case of power outages.
- Tip: Keep away from windows, as high winds can shatter glass.
Tsunami Safety
After a strong coastal earthquake, a tsunami may follow.
- Move inland and to higher ground immediately if you’re near the coast.
- Follow tsunami evacuation route signage, which are common in coastal areas.
- Tip: Don’t wait for an official warning—tsunami waves can arrive within minutes.
Volcanic Eruption Awareness
If you’re near a volcano, it’s important to be aware of possible hazards.
- Keep a mask handy to avoid inhaling ash.
- Stay indoors if there’s volcanic ashfall and avoid driving as ash can damage engines.
- Tip: Always follow local instructions, and stay away from restricted areas during volcanic activity.
Pack an Emergency Kit
It’s always smart to have an emergency kit ready, even when you’re travelling. You might not need it, but better safe than sorry!
Essentials to Pack:
- Bottled water and snacks
- A flashlight with extra batteries
- A portable phone charger
- First-aid supplies
- Cash (in case ATMs are down)
- A small radio for emergency broadcasts
Pro Tip: Keep your emergency kit in your day bag or somewhere easy to reach, like near the entrance of your accommodation.
Know Your Evacuation Routes
Whenever you check into a hotel, take a moment to ask about their emergency procedures.
- Look for evacuation route maps, usually posted on the back of hotel room doors.
- Ask the staff about nearby evacuation shelters or higher ground in case of a tsunami.
- Tip: Japan is well-marked with bilingual evacuation signage, especially in tourist areas, so keep an eye out.
Enjoy Japan Safely
Japan is a wonderful country to explore, and while natural disasters are part of its reality, being prepared doesn’t have to be stressful.
With a bit of knowledge and a few precautions, you can enjoy your trip with peace of mind.
Now it’s your turn: Download those apps, pack a mini emergency kit, and get ready for an unforgettable trip. Japan’s beauty, culture, and history are worth every minute, and with these tips, you’ll be ready for whatever comes your way.
Safe travels!
